Computed Tomography (CT) is one of the most informative diagnostic methods, allowing detailed imaging of any part of the body. This technique provides precise and comprehensive information on the structural composition of the brain, chest, abdominal organs, limbs, and other regions through cross-sectional slices. The entire procedure typically takes only a few minutes. The fast scanning speed reduces radiation exposure by up to five times. A short exam duration also minimizes artifacts caused by patient movement. No anesthesia or sedative medications are required.
CT is used to diagnose the following conditions:
• Pathologies of hollow organs, contrast angiography;
• Fractures of the skull bones, paranasal sinuses, and jaws;
• Aneurysms and atherosclerotic vascular damage;
• Diseases of the chest organs (e.g., tuberculosis, pneumonia);
• Bone and joint fractures;
• Brain, skull, chest, and abdominal trauma;
• Spine conditions, among others.
Contrast-Enhanced CT
Contrast-enhanced CT is performed when it's necessary to clearly differentiate between normal and abnormal tissues, as well as to assess major blood vessels such as arteries and veins. At OKİ Hospital, contrast-enhanced CT is available 24/7 with prior appointment, ensuring convenience and minimal waiting time. Our clinic uses the Siemens Healthineers SOMATOM go. NOW scanner, which offers low-dose CT imaging, reducing radiation exposure during the exam.
Why is Contrast-Enhanced CT Necessary?
Improved Visualization: Contrast agents accumulate in areas with increased blood flow, such as tumors or inflamed tissues, highlighting them more prominently on the scan. This allows for a detailed examination of any suspicious areas.
X-ray Impermeability: The contrast agent is opaque to X-rays. Once administered intravenously, it circulates through the vascular system, clearly outlining pathological areas—such as thin vessel walls, abnormal vascular networks (e.g., vascular malformations), varicose veins, aneurysms, thrombi, atherosclerotic plaques, and more.
By using contrast, radiologists can accurately assess the organs and tissues, clearly defining the location, boundaries, and extent of the pathology, and determining if it has spread to surrounding structures.
Indications for Contrast-Enhanced CT
Contrast-enhanced CT is typically indicated in the following cases:
• Suspected malignancy;
• Diagnosis of thrombosis (e.g., intraluminal thrombi, thrombosed aneurysms, areas of thrombotic stenosis in the aorta);
• Vascular pathologies;
• Cancer of the colon, gallbladder, or other hollow organs;
• Parenchymal malignant tumors (e.g., kidney cancer, liver cancer);
• Lung, heart, and mediastinal neoplasms;
• Musculoskeletal and brain tumors;
• Lymphoma;
• Abscesses and acute inflammatory conditions;
• Diagnosis of gallstones or kidney stones;
• Congenital developmental anomalies;
• Bowel obstruction, volvulus, or intussusception.
The use of contrast helps determine the exact stage of a tumor, the extent of disease spread, the presence of metastases, lymph node involvement, and other critical details.
Preparing for the Procedure
Contrast-enhanced CT is performed only when clinically necessary and based on a doctor’s referral. Prior to the exam, all patients must undergo a biochemical blood test to rule out kidney or liver dysfunction. It is recommended to wear loose, comfortable clothing to the procedure. All metal jewelry, removable dentures, and medical devices should be removed before the scan.
Contraindications for the Exam
Contrast-enhanced CT should not be performed if the patient has any of the following contraindications:
• Allergy or intolerance to the contrast agent;
• Severe bronchial asthma;
• Pregnancy;
• Autoimmune diseases;
• Advanced (Stage III) diabetes mellitus;
• Chronic renal failure in a decompensated stage;
• Hyperthyroidism or other thyroid disorders.
Lactation is a conditional contraindication—breastfeeding should be avoided for 48 hours after the procedure. Additionally, there is a weight limit for the CT scanner—patients over 200 kg may not be able to undergo the exam due to machine load restrictions.